Ascites, also known as portal hypertension-ascites, is characterized by the accumulation of fluids within the abdominal cavity. While it is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis due to excessive alcohol consumption, it can also be triggered by various other factors such as cancer, heart disorders, infections, and low protein levels. This condition can lead to discomfort, difficulty in breathing, and other debilitating symptoms.
Key Facts
- Usually seen in: Both adults and children
- Gender affected: Both men and women
- Body part(s) involved: Liver, abdomen, lungs
- Mimicking Conditions: Bladder distention, hydronephrosis, pancreatic pseudocysts, large uterine or ovarian tumors
- Necessary health tests/imaging: Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI scan, laparoscopy, blood tests
- Specialists to consult: General physician, gastroenterologist, hepatologist
Symptoms Of Ascites
Ascites manifests through various symptoms including swelling of the abdomen, weight gain, shortness of breath, nausea, indigestion, vomiting, fatigue, and swelling in the lower legs.
Causes Of Ascites
The accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, or ascites, can be attributed to several factors such as liver cirrhosis, cancer, heart failure, kidney failure, and rare conditions like Budd–Chiari syndrome or pancreatic ascites.
Risk Factors Of Ascites
Individuals with conditions such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol use disorder, hepatitis, congestive heart failure, kidney failure, infections, or abdominal cancers are at a higher risk of developing ascites.
Diagnosis Of Ascites
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, and imaging techniques like ultrasound, CT scan, MRI scan, or laparoscopy. A fluid sample may also be obtained through diagnostic paracentesis for further analysis.
Treatment Of Ascites
Treatment options include lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, diuretics, pharmacologic therapy, therapeutic paracentesis, ultrafiltration, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), or liver transplantation in severe cases.
Home-care For Ascites
Patients diagnosed with ascites are advised to adhere to prescribed medications, follow a customized diet plan, abstain from alcohol, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and consult healthcare professionals regularly.
Complications of Ascites
Complications associated with ascites include abdominal problems, infections, accumulation of fluid in the lungs, ascites-related hernia, and kidney failure.
Alternative Therapies for Ascites
Exercise, dietary changes, and stress-relief techniques like yoga can complement medical treatments in managing ascites effectively.
Living with Ascites
Despite its challenges, individuals diagnosed with ascites can lead fulfilling lives by incorporating lifestyle modifications, following dietary guidelines, and seeking support from healthcare providers.
This comprehensive guide aims to provide insights into understanding ascites, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and alternative therapies, empowering individuals to navigate through this medical condition effectively.
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